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Politik Regierungsform ExekutiveLegislativeMilitärausgaben (absolut)Militärausgaben (% vom BSP)Nationalfeiertage ParlamenteRegenten 2003 Regierungsform UnabhängigkeitstagVerfassungWahlart, - alter Die Sortierung der Länder geschieht nach der englischen Schreibweise! Land Regierungsform Afghanistan Islamic Republik Albanien emerging democracy Algerien Republik Amerikanisch Samoa keine Angabe Andorra parlamentarische Demokratie (since 3.1993) that retains as its chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of Frankreich und bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spanien, who are represented locally by coprinces' representatives Angola Republik, nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system Anguilla keine Angabe Antarktis Antarctic Treaty Summary - the Antarctic Treaty, signed on 1 12.1959 und entered into force on 23 6.1961, establishes the legal framework for the management of Antarktis; the 27th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting was held in Cape Town, Südafrika in Mai-6.2004; at these periodic meetings, decisions are made by consensus (not by vote) of all consultative member nations; at the end of 2003, there were 45 treaty member nations: 28 consultative und 17 non-consultative; consultative (decision-making) members include the seven nations that claim portions of Antarktis as national Territorium (some claims overlap) und 21 non-claimant nations; the US und Russland have reserved the right to make claims; the US does not recognize the claims of others; Antarktis is administered bis meetings of the consultative member nations; decisions von these meetings are carried out by these member nations (with respect to their own nationals und operations) in accordance with their own national laws; the year in parentheses indicates when an acceding nation was accepted as a consultative member, while no date indicates the Land was an original 1959 treaty signatory; claimant nations are - Argentinien, Australien, Chile, Frankreich, Neuseeland, Norwegen, und the Großbritannien. Nonclaimant consultative nations are - Belgien, Brasilien (1983), Bulgarien (1998) China (1985), Ecuador (1990), Finnland (1989), Deutschland (1981), Indien (1983), Italien (1987), Japan, Süd-Korea (1989), Niederlande (1990), Peru (1989), Polen (1977), Russland, Südafrika, Spanien (1988), Schweden (1988), Ukraine (1992), Uruguay (1985), und the US; non-consultative members, with year of accession in parentheses, are - Österreich (1987), Kanada (1988), Kolumbien (1989), Kuba (1984), Tschechien(1993), Dänemark (1965), Estland (2001), Griechenland (1987), Guatemala (1991), Ungarn (1984), Nord-Korea (1987), Papua-Neuguinea (1981), Rumänien (1971), Slowakei (1993), Schweiz (1990), Türkei (1995), und Venezuela (1999); Article 1 - area to be used for peaceful purposes only; military activity, such as weapons testing, is prohibited, but military personnel und equipment may be used for scientific research or any andere peaceful purpose; Article 2 - freedom of scientific investigation und cooperation shall continue; Article 3 - free exchange of information und personnel, cooperation with the UN und andere international agencies; Article 4 - does not recognize, dispute, or establish territorial claims und no new claims shall be asserted while the treaty is in force; Article 5 - prohibits nuclear explosions or disposal of radioactive wastes; Article 6 - einschließlich under the treaty all land und Eis shelves south of 60 degrees 00 minutes south und reserves hoch seas rights; Article 7 - treaty-state observers have free access, einschließlich aerial observation, to any area und may inspect all stations, installations, und equipment; advance notice of all expeditions und of the introduction of military personnel must be given; Article 8 - allows for jurisdiction over observers und scientists by their own states; Article 9 - frequent consultative meetings take place among member nations; Article 10 - treaty states will discourage activities by any Land in Antarktis that are contrary to the treaty; Article 11 - disputes to be settled peacefully by the parties concerned or, ultimately, by the ICJ; Articles 12, 13, 14 - deal with upholding, interpreting, und amending the treaty among involved nations; andere agreements - some 200 recommendations adopted at treaty consultative meetings und ratified by governments include - Agreed Measures for Fauna und Flora (1964) which were later incorporated into the Environmental Protocol; Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972); Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980); a mineral resources agreement was signed in 1988 but remains unratified; the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed 4 10. 1991 und entered into force 14 1.1998; this agreement provides for the protection of the Antarctic environment bis five specific annexes: 1) environmental impact assessment, 2) conservation of Antarctic fauna und flora, 3) waste disposal und waste management, 4) prevention of marine pollution, und 5) area protection und management; it prohibits all activities relating to mineral resources except scientific research; a permanent Antarctic Treaty Secretariat was established in 2004 in Buenos Aires, Argentinien Antigua und Barbuda konstitutionelle Monarchie with Großbritannien-style parliament Argentinien Republik Armenien Republik Aruba parlamentarische Demokratie Australien democratic, federal-state system recognizing the British monarch as sovereign Österreich federal Republik Aserbaidschan Republik Bahamas constitutional parlamentarische Demokratie Bahrain constitutional hereditary monarchy Bangladesch parlamentarische Demokratie Barbados parlamentarische Demokratie; independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth Weißrussland (Belarus) Republik in name, although in fact a dictatorship Belgien federal parlamentarische Demokratie under a constitutional monarch Belize parlamentarische Demokratie Benin Republik under multiparty democratic rule; dropped Marxism-Leninism 12.1989 Bermuda parliamentary British Überseeterritorium with internal self-government Bhutan monarchy; special treaty relationship with Indien Bolivien Republik Bosnien und Herzegowina emerging federal demokratische Republik Botsuana parlamentarische Republik Brasilien föderative Republik Br. Jungfern-Inseln keine Angabe Brunei constitutional sultanate Bulgarien parlamentarische Demokratie Burkina Faso parlamentarische Republik Myanmar (Burma) military junta Burundi Republik Kambodscha multiparty democracy under a konstitutionelle Monarchie established in 9.1993 Kamerun unitary Republik; multiparty presidential regime (opposition parties legalized in 1990) Achtung: preponderance of power remains with the president Kanada a konstitutionelle Monarchie that is also a parlamentarische Demokratie und a federation Kap Verde Republik Cayman Inseln britische Kronkolonie Zentralafrika Republik Tschad Republik Chile Republik China Communist state Weihnachts-Insel keine Angabe Cocos (Keeling) Inseln keine Angabe Kolumbien Republik; executive branch dominates government structure Komoren independent Republik Kongo (Kinshasa) dictatorship; presumably undergoing a transition to representative government Kongo (Brazzaville) Republik Cook-Inseln self-governing parlamentarische Demokratie Costa Rica demokratische Republik Elfenbeinküste Republik; multiparty presidential regime established 1960 Kroatien presidential/parlamentarische Demokratie Kuba Communist state Zypern Republik Achtung: a separation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the Insel began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified after the Turkish intervention in 7. 1974 that followed a Greek junta-supported coup attempt gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government; on 15 11.1983 Turkish Cypriot "President" Rauf DENKTASH declared independence und the formation of a "Turkish Republic of Northern Zypern" (TRNC), recognized only by Türkei Tschechien parlamentarische Demokratie Dänemark konstitutionelle Monarchie Dschibuti Republik Dominica parlamentarische Demokratie; Republik within the Commonwealth Dominikanische Republik repräsentative Demokratie Osttimor Republik Ecuador Republik Ägypten Republik El Salvador Republik Äquatorialguinea Republik Eritrea transitional government Achtung: following a successful referendum on independence for the Autonomous Region of Eritrea on 23-25 4.1993, a National Assembly, composed entirely of the People's Front for Democracy und Justice or PFDJ, was established as a transitional legislature; a Constitutional Commission was also established to draft a constitution; ISAIAS Afworki was elected president by the transitional legislature; the constitution, ratified in 5.1997, did not enter into effect, pending parliamentary und presidential elections; parliamentary elections had been scheduled in 12.2001, but were postponed indefinitely; currently the sole legal party is the People's Front for Democracy und Justice (PFDJ) Estland parlamentarische Republik Äthiopien federal Republik Falkland-Inseln keine Angabe Färöer-Inseln keine Angabe Fidschi Republik Achtung: military coup leader Maj. Gen. Sitiveni RABUKA formally declared Fidschi a Republik on 6 10.1987 Finnland Republik Frankreich Republik Französisch Guyana keine Angabe Franz. Polynesien keine Angabe Gabun Republik; multiparty presidential regime (opposition parties legalized in 1990) Gambia Republik under multiparty democratic rule Georgien Republik Deutschland federal Republik Ghana constitutional democracy Gibraltar keine Angabe Griechenland parlamentarische Republik; monarchy rejected by referendum 8 12.1974 Grönland parlamentarische Demokratie within a konstitutionelle Monarchie Grenada konstitutionelle Monarchie with Westminster-style parliament Guadeloupe keine Angabe Guam keine Angabe Guatemala constitutional demokratische Republik Guernsey keine Angabe Guinea Republik Guinea-Bissau Republik, multiparty since mid-1991 Guyana Republik within the Commonwealth Haiti elected government Vatikan (Holy See) ecclesiastical Honduras democratic constitutional Republik Hong Kong limited democracy Ungarn parlamentarische Demokratie Island constitutional Republik Indien federal Republik Indonesien Republik Iran theocratic Republik Irak keine; note - the Iraqi Interim Government (IG) was appointed on 1 6.2004 Irland Republik Israel parlamentarische Demokratie Italien Republik Jamaika constitutional parlamentarische Demokratie Japan konstitutionelle Monarchie with a parliamentary government Jersey keine Angabe Jordanien konstitutionelle Monarchie Kasachstan Republik; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch Kenia Republik Kiribati Republik Nord-Korea Communist state one-man dictatorship Süd-Korea Republik Kuwait nominal konstitutionelle Monarchie Kirgisistan Republik Laos Communist state Lettland parlamentarische Demokratie Libanon Republik Lesotho parliamentary konstitutionelle Monarchie Liberia Republik Libyen Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace bis local councils; in fact, a military dictatorship Liechtenstein hereditary konstitutionelle Monarchie on a democratic und parliamentary basis Litauen parlamentarische Demokratie Luxemburg konstitutionelle Monarchie Macau limited democracy Mazedonien parlamentarische Demokratie Madagaskar Republik Malawi multiparty democracy Malaysia konstitutionelle Monarchie Achtung: nominally headed by paramount ruler und a bicameral Parliament consisting of a keinelected upper house und an elected lower house; all Peninsular Malaysian states have hereditary rulers except Melaka und Pulau Pinang (Penang); those two states along with Sabah und Sarawak in East Malaysia have governors appointed by government; powers of state governments are limited by federal constitution; under terms of federation, Sabah und Sarawak retain certain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., right to maintain their own immigration controls); Sabah - holds 20 seats in House of Representatives und will hold 25 seats after the next election; Sarawak holds 28 seats in House of Representatives Malediven Republik Mali Republik Malta Republik Insel Man parlamentarische Demokratie Marshallinseln constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 21 10. 1986 und the Amended Compact entered into force in 5.2004 Martinique keine Angabe Mauretanien Republik Mauritius parlamentarische Demokratie Mayotte keine Angabe Mexiko federal Republik Mikronesien constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 11. 1986 und the Amended Compact entered into force 5.2004 Moldawien Republik Monako konstitutionelle Monarchie Mongolei mixed parliamentary/presidential Montserrat keine Angabe Marokko konstitutionelle Monarchie Mosambik Republik Namibia Republik Nauru Republik Nepal parlamentarische Demokratie und konstitutionelle Monarchie Niederlande konstitutionelle Monarchie Niederl. Antillen parliamentary Neukaledonien keine Angabe Neuseeland parlamentarische Demokratie Nicaragua Republik Niger Republik Nigeria federal Republik Niue self-governing parlamentarische Demokratie Norfolk Insel keine Angabe Northern Mariana Inseln commonwealth; self-governing with locally elected governor, lieutenant governor, und legislature Norwegen konstitutionelle Monarchie Oman monarchy Pakistan federal Republik Palau constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 1 10. 1994 Panama constitutional democracy Papua-Neuguinea konstitutionelle Monarchie with parlamentarische Demokratie Paraguay constitutional Republik Peru constitutional Republik Philippinen Republik Pitcairn-Inseln keine Angabe Polen Republik Portugal parlamentarische Demokratie Puerto Rico commonwealth Katar traditional monarchy Reunion keine Angabe Rumänien Republik Russland federation Ruanda Republik; presidential, multiparty system St. Helena keine Angabe St. Kitts und Nevis konstitutionelle Monarchie with Westminster-style parliament St. Lucia Westminster-style parlamentarische Demokratie St. Pierre und M. keine Angabe St. Vincent und Gr. parlamentarische Demokratie; independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth Samoa mix of parlamentarische Demokratie und konstitutionelle Monarchie San Marino independent Republik Sao Tome und Pr. Republik Saudi-Arabien monarchy Senegal Republik under multiparty democratic rule Serbien und Mont. Republik Seychellen Republik Sierra Leone constitutional democracy Singapur parlamentarische Republik Slowakei parlamentarische Demokratie Slowenien parliamentary demokratische Republik Salomonen parlamentarische Demokratie Somalia no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary federal government Südafrika Republik Spanien parliamentary monarchy Sri Lanka Republik Sudan authoritarian regime - ruling military junta took power in 1989; government is run by an alliance of the military und the National Congress Party (NCP), formerly the National Islamic Front (NIF), which espouses an Islamist platform Suriname constitutional democracy Spitzbergen keine Angabe Swasiland monarchy; independent member of Commonwealth Schweden konstitutionelle Monarchie Schweiz formally a confederation, but similar in structure to a federal Republik Syrien Republik under military regime since 3.1963 Taiwan multiparty democratic regime headed by popularly-elected president und unicameral legislature Tadschikistan Republik Tansania Republik Thailand konstitutionelle Monarchie Togo Republik under transition to multiparty democratic rule Tokelau keine Angabe Tonga hereditary konstitutionelle Monarchie Trinidad und Tobago parlamentarische Demokratie Tunesien Republik Türkei republican parlamentarische Demokratie Turkmenistan Republik; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch Turks und Caicos I. keine Angabe Tuvalu konstitutionelle Monarchie with a parlamentarische Demokratie; began debating Republik status in 1992 Uganda Republik Ukraine Republik Ver. Arab. Emirate federation with specified powers delegated to the V. Arab. Emirate federal government und andere powers reserved to member emirates Großbritannien konstitutionelle Monarchie Vereinigte Staaten Constitution-based federal Republik; strong democratic tradition Uruguay constitutional Republik Usbekistan Republik; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch Vanuatu parlamentarische Republik Venezuela federal Republik Vietnam Communist state Jungfern-Inseln keine Angabe Wallis und Futuna keine Angabe West-Sahara legal status of Territorium und issue of sovereignty unresolved; Territorium contested by Marokko und Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra und Rio de Oro), which in 2.1976 formally proclaimed a government-in-exile of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), led by President Mohamed ABDELAZIZ; Territorium partitioned between Marokko und Mauretanien in 4. 1976, with Marokko acquiring northern two-thirds; Mauretanien, under pressure von Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims to its portion in 8.1979; Marokko moved to occupy that sector shortly thereafter und has since asserted administrative control; the Polisario's government-in-exile was seated as an OAU member in 1984; guerrilla activities continued sporadically, until a UN-monitored cease-fire was implemented 6 9.1991 Jemen Republik Sambia Republik Simbabwe parlamentarische Demokratie Quelle, bis auf die teilweisen Übersetzungen kaum Eigenleistung, Stand: Dezember 2005 hier könnte Ihr schönes Foto zu diesem Thema stehen, Infos Empfehlungen zum Thema Politik: Sachbücher zu Politik und Geschichte letzte Bearbeitung: 8.4.2007 nach oben

Weltweite Informationen / worldwide information / les informations mondials:
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